viernes, 17 de diciembre de 2010
domingo, 12 de diciembre de 2010
Christmas Traditions Around The WorldChristmas Mexico
Several weeks before Christmas, elaborately decorated market stalls or puestos are set up in the plazas of every town and city. Some people travel for days from remote areas to get to these markets. The puestos offer crafts of every conceivable kind, foods such as cheese, bananas, nuts, and cookies, and flowers such as orchids and poinsettias.
The poinsettia is native to Mexico and is believed to have first been used in connection with Christmas in the 17th century when Mexican Franciscans included the flowers in their Christmas celebration. There is a legend connected with the flower. A little boy named Pablo was walking to the church in his village to visit the Nativity scene, when he realized he had nothing to offer the Christ Child. He saw some green branches growing along the roadside and gathered them up. Other children scoffed, but when he laid them by the manger, a brilliant red star-shaped flower appeared on each branch.
The main Christmas celebration in Mexico is called las posadas, which refers to processions reenacting Joseph and Mary's search for a place to stay in Bethlehem. The processions begin nine days before Christmas because the original journey from Nazareth to Bethlehem took nine days. Friends and family members divide themselves into two groups - pilgrims and innkeepers. The pilgrims travel from house to house asking for a shelter and are refused at each until they finally reach the house where an alter and Nativity scene have been set up. Here the pilgrims are admitted with great rejoicing, a traditional prayer is spoken, and the party begins. Food and drink are served and then children take turns trying to break open the pinata.
The poinsettia is native to Mexico and is believed to have first been used in connection with Christmas in the 17th century when Mexican Franciscans included the flowers in their Christmas celebration. There is a legend connected with the flower. A little boy named Pablo was walking to the church in his village to visit the Nativity scene, when he realized he had nothing to offer the Christ Child. He saw some green branches growing along the roadside and gathered them up. Other children scoffed, but when he laid them by the manger, a brilliant red star-shaped flower appeared on each branch.
The main Christmas celebration in Mexico is called las posadas, which refers to processions reenacting Joseph and Mary's search for a place to stay in Bethlehem. The processions begin nine days before Christmas because the original journey from Nazareth to Bethlehem took nine days. Friends and family members divide themselves into two groups - pilgrims and innkeepers. The pilgrims travel from house to house asking for a shelter and are refused at each until they finally reach the house where an alter and Nativity scene have been set up. Here the pilgrims are admitted with great rejoicing, a traditional prayer is spoken, and the party begins. Food and drink are served and then children take turns trying to break open the pinata.
United States
The USA is so multi-cultural that you will find many different ways of celebrating Christmas. A friend writes about Christmas meals, "Our family (Eastern European origin) favor turkey with trimmings. My grandparents and their relatives preferred keilbasi (Polish sausage), cabbage dishes, and soups. My husband's Italian family insisted on lasagna!"
Another friend wrote:
All year long children are told to behave, or they will get coal in their stocking. On Christmas Eve, they hang highly stylized stockings on the mantle of the fireplace, then go to bed early so that they will find presents in the morning. They are told that at midnight Santa will come, bringing a huge bag of toys. He will come down through the chimney, leave candy in the stockings and presents under the Christmas tree (anything from a Pine or Fir to a Spruce), then plug one nostril and shoot up through the chimney. Cookies are traditionally left for him, and a carrot is commonly left for Rudolph the Red-nosed reindeer, very much a part of Christmas tradition (Santa will land on the roof with his sleigh and nine reindeer). On Christmas morning, things such as cinnamon rolls or coffee cake are served for breakfast, and for dinner there is typically ham (and occasionally regal plum pudding). That is it for celebration — Boxing Day is never celebrated, Epiphany is only celebated by Catholics, and Advent not commonly celebrated.
Another American reader wrote in with the following:
Advent is celebrated in almost all Roman Catholic and mainline Protestant churches. I was RC until I was 15, as were my grandparents, and we alwasy followed the four weks of preparation before Christmas in our church services. I found the same to be true in my father's Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, my friend's United Methodist Church, my in-law's Presbyterian USA congregations, and for myself as a member and pastor of the United Church of Christ for the last 16 years. We also recognize Epiphany in mainline Protestant churches. On the first Sunday following January 6, our service tells again the story of the Magi who came to Jesus presenting their gifts following his birth. As a child, I fondly remember leaving carrots and sugar for all of the reindeer, along the milk and cookies for Santa!
Russia
In the days of the Soviet Union, Christmas was not celebrated very much. New Year was the important time - when 'Father Frost' brought presents to children. With the fall of Communism, Christmas can be openly celebrated - either on December 25th; or more often on January 7th. This unusual date is because the Russian Orthodox church uses the old 'Julian' calendar for religious celebration days. Special Christmas food includes cakes, pies and 'meat dumplings'.
In the days of the Soviet Union, Christmas was not celebrated very much. New Year was the important time - when 'Father Frost' brought presents to children. With the fall of Communism, Christmas can be openly celebrated - either on December 25th; or more often on January 7th. This unusual date is because the Russian Orthodox church uses the old 'Julian' calendar for religious celebration days. Special Christmas food includes cakes, pies and 'meat dumplings'.
France
In France, Christmas is always called 'Noël. Everyone has a Christmas tree, sometimes decorated in the old way with red ribbons and real white wax candles. Fir trees in the garden are often decorated too, with lights on all night.
Father Christmas is called Père Noël. The Christmas meal is an important family gathering with good meat and the best wine. Not everyone sends Christmas cards.
Germany
Germans love to decorate their houses at Christmas. Many houses will have little wooden frames holding electric candles in their windows, and coloured pictures of paper or plastic which look beautiful from the outside at night. Often too, they will have an 'Adventskranz' - a wreath of leaves with four candles. (Advent - meaning 'coming' - is the 4 week period before Christmas). On each Sunday of Advent, another candle is lit. Most homes will also have little wooden 'cribs' - a small model of the stable where Jesus was born, with Mary, Joseph, Baby Jesus, and animals.
Father Christmas - 'Der Weihnachtsmann' - brings presents in the late afternoon of Christmas Eve (December 24th), after people have been to a church meeting. The presents are then found under the Christmas tree. One person in the family will ring a bell and call everyone to come to the room. On Christmas Day, fish (carp) or goose will be cooked.
In France, Christmas is always called 'Noël. Everyone has a Christmas tree, sometimes decorated in the old way with red ribbons and real white wax candles. Fir trees in the garden are often decorated too, with lights on all night.
Father Christmas is called Père Noël. The Christmas meal is an important family gathering with good meat and the best wine. Not everyone sends Christmas cards.
Germany
Germans love to decorate their houses at Christmas. Many houses will have little wooden frames holding electric candles in their windows, and coloured pictures of paper or plastic which look beautiful from the outside at night. Often too, they will have an 'Adventskranz' - a wreath of leaves with four candles. (Advent - meaning 'coming' - is the 4 week period before Christmas). On each Sunday of Advent, another candle is lit. Most homes will also have little wooden 'cribs' - a small model of the stable where Jesus was born, with Mary, Joseph, Baby Jesus, and animals.
Father Christmas - 'Der Weihnachtsmann' - brings presents in the late afternoon of Christmas Eve (December 24th), after people have been to a church meeting. The presents are then found under the Christmas tree. One person in the family will ring a bell and call everyone to come to the room. On Christmas Day, fish (carp) or goose will be cooked.
Belgium
On the sixth of December Sinterklaas or Saint-Nicholas is celebrated, which is an entirely different holiday from Christmas. Santa Claus in Belgium is called de Kerstman or le Père Noël and he does come around on Christmas day to bring children presents. There are different cultures in Belgium, the Northern part being Vlaanderen (speaking a Dutch dialect), the Southern part being Wallonie (speaking a French dialect) and the Eastern part speaking German.
Small family presents are given at Christmas too, under the tree, or in stockings near the fire-place, to be found in the morning. Christmas breakfast is a special sweet bread called 'cougnou' or 'cougnolle' - the shape is supposed to be like baby Jesus. Some families will have another big meal on Christmas day.
Brazil
Father Christmas is called Papai Noel. Many Christmas customs are similar to USA or UK. For those who have enough money, a special Christmas meal will be chicken, turkey, ham, rice, salad, pork, fresh and dried fruits, often with beer. Poorer people will have chicken, rice and beans and will also drink beer and coke. For dessert people enjoy some Brazilian sweets Brigadeiro made of condensed milk and chocolate. Both rich and poor have Christmas trees. A poor person's Christmas tree is made of plastic or is just a dry tree branch. As we don't have snow in Brazil, poor people put cotton over their Christmas tree branch to simulate snow. Christmas time varies a lot from south to north region.
On the sixth of December Sinterklaas or Saint-Nicholas is celebrated, which is an entirely different holiday from Christmas. Santa Claus in Belgium is called de Kerstman or le Père Noël and he does come around on Christmas day to bring children presents. There are different cultures in Belgium, the Northern part being Vlaanderen (speaking a Dutch dialect), the Southern part being Wallonie (speaking a French dialect) and the Eastern part speaking German.
Small family presents are given at Christmas too, under the tree, or in stockings near the fire-place, to be found in the morning. Christmas breakfast is a special sweet bread called 'cougnou' or 'cougnolle' - the shape is supposed to be like baby Jesus. Some families will have another big meal on Christmas day.
Brazil
Father Christmas is called Papai Noel. Many Christmas customs are similar to USA or UK. For those who have enough money, a special Christmas meal will be chicken, turkey, ham, rice, salad, pork, fresh and dried fruits, often with beer. Poorer people will have chicken, rice and beans and will also drink beer and coke. For dessert people enjoy some Brazilian sweets Brigadeiro made of condensed milk and chocolate. Both rich and poor have Christmas trees. A poor person's Christmas tree is made of plastic or is just a dry tree branch. As we don't have snow in Brazil, poor people put cotton over their Christmas tree branch to simulate snow. Christmas time varies a lot from south to north region.
In December I go to the Christmas posadas, on December 24 the family had dinner with my mom and December 31 December dinner with my dad's family dinner, talk, drink alcohol and have fun for a while and ended with Rosca de Reyes on January 6.
lunes, 8 de noviembre de 2010
Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr. (born March 31, 1948) served as the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. He was the Democratic Party nominee for President in the 2000 U.S. presidential election.
Gore is currently an author, businessperson, and environmental activist. He was previously an elected official for 24 years, representing Tennessee in the U.S. House of Representatives (1977–85), and later in the U.S. Senate (1985–93), and finally becoming Vice President in 1993. In the 2000 presidential election, Gore won the popular vote by more than 500,000 votes. However, he ultimately lost the Electoral College, and the election, to Republican George W. Bush when the U.S. Supreme Court settled the legal controversy over the Florida vote recount by ruling 5-4 in favor of Bush. It was the only time in history that the Supreme Court may have determined the outcome of a presidential election.
He is a founder and current chair of the Alliance for Climate Protection, the co-founder and chair of Generation Investment Management, the co-founder and chair of Current TV, a member of the Board of Directors of Apple Inc., and a senior adviser to Google. Gore is also a partner in the venture capital firm, Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, heading that firm's climate change solutions group. He has served as a visiting professor at Middle Tennessee State University, Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, Fisk University, and the University of California, Los Angeles.
Gore has received a number of awards including the Nobel Peace Prize (joint award with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) (2007), a Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album (2009) for his book An Inconvenient Truth, a Primetime Emmy Award for Current TV (2007), and a Webby Award (2005). Gore was also the subject of the Academy Award-winning (2007) documentary An Inconvenient Truth in 2006. In 2007 he was named a runner-up for Time's 2007 Person of the Year.
Fashion
1. Blouse
2. Change out of
3. Clothes
4. Dress
5. In fashion
6. Jeans
7. Second- hand clothes
8. Shirt
9. Shoes
10. Put on
11. Shorts
12. Suit
13. Sungalsses
14. Sweater
15. Take off
16. Tie
17. Try on
18. T- shirt
19. Wear
20. Boots
VOCABULARY
Clothes
breast pocket= bolsillo en el pecho
side-pockets= bolsillos a los lados
inside-pokets= bolsillos internos
zip= cierre, cremallera
V-neck= cuello en V
round neck= cuello redondo
low neckline= escotado
striped= a rayas
checked= a cuadros
pleated= tableado
jewellery= joyas
bracelet= pulsera
brooch= prendedor
necklace= collar
string of pearls
ring
charms= dijes
tailor= sastre
dressmaker= modista
tailored suit= traje a medida
Ferry
Airliner
Bicycle
Bike
Boat
Bus
Canoe
Car
Criser
Airport & Planes
Air hostess
Airline
Airport
Aisle
Arrivals
Baggage
Baggage claim
Carry-on luggage
Cart
USEFUL VOCABULARY
1. (Aero) planes(s)
2. (Bi) cycle(s)
3. Boat (s)
4. Bus (es)
5. Car (s)
6. Helicopter (s)
7. Lorry (lorries)
8. Moped (s)
9. (Motor) bike (s)
10. Ship (s)
11. Submarine (s)
12. Tanker (s)
13. Taxi (s)
14. Train (s)
15. Tram (s)
16. Tube train (s)/ underground train(s)
17. Van
Gore is currently an author, businessperson, and environmental activist. He was previously an elected official for 24 years, representing Tennessee in the U.S. House of Representatives (1977–85), and later in the U.S. Senate (1985–93), and finally becoming Vice President in 1993. In the 2000 presidential election, Gore won the popular vote by more than 500,000 votes. However, he ultimately lost the Electoral College, and the election, to Republican George W. Bush when the U.S. Supreme Court settled the legal controversy over the Florida vote recount by ruling 5-4 in favor of Bush. It was the only time in history that the Supreme Court may have determined the outcome of a presidential election.
He is a founder and current chair of the Alliance for Climate Protection, the co-founder and chair of Generation Investment Management, the co-founder and chair of Current TV, a member of the Board of Directors of Apple Inc., and a senior adviser to Google. Gore is also a partner in the venture capital firm, Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, heading that firm's climate change solutions group. He has served as a visiting professor at Middle Tennessee State University, Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, Fisk University, and the University of California, Los Angeles.
Gore has received a number of awards including the Nobel Peace Prize (joint award with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) (2007), a Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album (2009) for his book An Inconvenient Truth, a Primetime Emmy Award for Current TV (2007), and a Webby Award (2005). Gore was also the subject of the Academy Award-winning (2007) documentary An Inconvenient Truth in 2006. In 2007 he was named a runner-up for Time's 2007 Person of the Year.
Fashion
1. Blouse
2. Change out of
3. Clothes
4. Dress
5. In fashion
6. Jeans
7. Second- hand clothes
8. Shirt
9. Shoes
10. Put on
11. Shorts
12. Suit
13. Sungalsses
14. Sweater
15. Take off
16. Tie
17. Try on
18. T- shirt
19. Wear
20. Boots
VOCABULARY
Clothes
breast pocket= bolsillo en el pecho
side-pockets= bolsillos a los lados
inside-pokets= bolsillos internos
zip= cierre, cremallera
V-neck= cuello en V
round neck= cuello redondo
low neckline= escotado
striped= a rayas
checked= a cuadros
pleated= tableado
jewellery= joyas
bracelet= pulsera
brooch= prendedor
necklace= collar
string of pearls
ring
charms= dijes
tailor= sastre
dressmaker= modista
tailored suit= traje a medida
Ferry
Airliner
Bicycle
Bike
Boat
Bus
Canoe
Car
Criser
Airport & Planes
Air hostess
Airline
Airport
Aisle
Arrivals
Baggage
Baggage claim
Carry-on luggage
Cart
USEFUL VOCABULARY
1. (Aero) planes(s)
2. (Bi) cycle(s)
3. Boat (s)
4. Bus (es)
5. Car (s)
6. Helicopter (s)
7. Lorry (lorries)
8. Moped (s)
9. (Motor) bike (s)
10. Ship (s)
11. Submarine (s)
12. Tanker (s)
13. Taxi (s)
14. Train (s)
15. Tram (s)
16. Tube train (s)/ underground train(s)
17. Van
lunes, 23 de agosto de 2010
viernes, 9 de julio de 2010
•Bocabulary
Amino acid-----> Amino acido
Then--------> asiApproach----> acercarse
Join--------> unir
Realise-----> liberar, soltarRepair------> reparar
Process-----> proceso
Recognize---> reconocer
Begin-------> iniciar
Carry-------> llevar
Reach-------> alcanzarFirts-------> primero
Next--------> siguiente
Attach------> unir
•BocabularyThik--------> denso
Plateau-----> meceta
Thread------> hilo
Water fall--> cascada
High--------> ligero
Highnes-----> el mas alto
Land--------> tierra
Landed------> aterrizar
Plain-------> planicieCanon-------> cañon
Mensuared---> dimencion
Cliff-------> acantilado, peñazco
Suddenly----> de pronto
Saw---------> past tense of the see
Sight-------> algo interesante
View--------> vista espectacularCoast-------> costa
Steep-------> cuesta, precipicio, despeñadero
Drop--------> caer
•BocabularyI want to go away------> yo quiero alejarme
I got my destiny-------> es mi destino
This is my fight-------> esta es mi pelea
I hope so!-------------> eso espero
What are you talking about?---> de que estan hablando
It´s not your business---> no es tu problema
Who´s there------------> quien esta alli
Can you hear me?-------> puedes ayudarme
We take control!-------> tenemos el control
For give them!---------> olvidalos
Leave me alone---------> dejame solo
You late---------------> llegaste tarde
It´s cool!-------------> calmado
Are you alright!-------> estas listo
This is about you------> esto es acerca de ti
I´m sorry--------------> lo siento mucho
Sleep Walking----------> Sonambulo
Let me out-------------> dejame salir
It´s a trick-----------> un truco
Clueless---------------> ni idea
It´s so cool-----------> es muy chido
•Description of the Biotechnology Laboratory
jueves, 10 de junio de 2010
LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS
- VOLUMETRIC FLASK
- TYPICAL SETUP
- TEST TUBE RACK
- TEST TUBE
- SINK
- RING STAND
- MASSING TRAY
- HOT PLATE
- GRADUATED CYLINDER
- GOGGLES
- GLASS STIRRING ROD
- FUNNEL
- ERLENMEYER FLASK
- BUNSEN BURNER
IN CLASS
Write some places to get entertaiment.
Can I go eat pizza with my girlfriend? Could I go with my friend to the party?
May I do some questions to your students?
May i go to the batroom? Would you mind if I don´t go to school? Would you like to go with me to movie? Do you want play tomorrow in the park?
ASKING PERMISSION AND INVITATIONS
- Would you like to come in?
- Would you like to go the movies when you finish?
- What movie would we see?
- Would you like a cup of coffee?
- Would you give me your telephone number?
- Would you like some ice cream?
The word could is used to request.
- Could you help me?
- Could you go there for me?
- Could you do me a favor?
CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES
- Can i borrow your pencil?
- Could I borrow your pencil?
- May I borrow your pencil?
- Do you mind it I borrow your pencil?
- Could you ask for the address?
- Would you like to go with me to movie?
- May I go to the bathroom?
- Do you mind if I study medicine?
Example:
We could travel.
They would sleep.
Ana could play the piano at age of 6
Make formal invitations and accept or reject so argues (everyday and formal English.)
Laugares express the existence of objects and saying their characteristics.
Express events that start in the past and still continues.
Talk about health issues
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